| 文化 | ぶんか | culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22) | n4 |
| 変化 | へんか | change; variation; alteration; mutation | n3 |
| 化学 | かがく | chemistry | n1 |
| 化學 | かがく | chemistry | n1 |
| 化 | か | change to ...; becoming ...; making into ...; -ization | n5 |
| 強化 | きょうか | strengthening; intensifying; reinforcement; enhancement | n2 |
| 進化 | しんか | evolution; evolution; becoming more advanced; progress | n2 |
| 化粧 | けしょう | make-up; makeup; cosmetics; decoration | n3 |
| 化す | かす | to change (into); to turn (into); to transform (into); to become | n5 |
| 悪化 | あっか | deterioration; getting worse; worsening; aggravation | n2 |
| 化ける | ばける | to take the form of (esp. in ref. to a spirit, fox, raccoon dog, etc.); to assume the shape of; to turn oneself into; to transform oneself into | n1 |
| 消化 | しょうか | digestion (of food); digestion (of information); assimilation; thorough understanding | n2 |
| 効率化 | こうりつか | making efficient; optimization | |
| 特化 | とっか | specialization; specialisation | n1 |
| 化石 | かせき | fossil; petrifaction; petrification; fossilization | n1 |
| 文化財 | ぶんかざい | cultural assets; cultural property | n1 |
| 化物 | ばけもの | goblin; apparition; monster; ghost | n1 |
| 感化 | かんか | influence (on someone); inspiration | n2 |
| 化粧品 | けしょうひん | cosmetics; beauty products; toiletries; makeup | |
| 自動化 | じどうか | automation | |
| 道化 | どうけ | antics; buffoonery; clowning; clown | |
| 酸化 | さんか | oxidation; oxidization | n4 |
| お化け | おばけ | ghost; apparition; goblin; monster | |
| 暗号化 | あんごうか | encryption; encoding; encipherment | |
| 誤魔化す | ごまかす | to deceive; to cheat; to swindle; to falsify | n1 |
| 温暖化 | おんだんか | (global) warming | n2 |
| 同化 | どうか | assimilation; absorption; adaptation; assimilation | n1 |
| 最適化 | さいてきか | optimization; optimisation | |
| 分化 | ぶんか | specialization; specialisation; differentiation | n1 |
| 文化的 | ぶんかてき | cultural | |
| 浄化 | じょうか | purification; cleanup (e.g. of politics); purge | |
| 二酸化炭素 | にさんかたんそ | carbon dioxide; CO2 | n2 |
| 活性化 | かっせいか | stimulation (e.g. of an economy); revitalization (e.g. of a town); rejuvenation; invigoration | n1 |
| 劣化 | れっか | deterioration (in quality, performance, etc.); degradation; worsening; (visible) aging | n1 |
| 化身 | けしん | incarnation (of a god, spirit or abstract quality); embodiment; personification; avatar | |
| 化け | ばけ | transforming oneself; taking on another form; disguising oneself; artificial fly (for fishing) | |
| 開化 | かいか | civilization; civilisation; enlightenment | n2 |
| 多様化 | たようか | diversification | |
| 転化 | てんか | change; transformation; inversion | n1 |
| 可視化 | かしか | visualization (of data, results, etc.); visualisation; making visible (something that was previously unseen); recording (a police interrogation) | |
| 食文化 | しょくぶんか | food culture; dietary culture; cuisine | |
| 化け物 | ばけもの | goblin; apparition; monster; ghost | n1 |
| 塩化 | えんか | chloridation; salification; chloride | |
| 教化 | きょうか | education; enlightenment; civilization; civilisation | n2 |
| 硬化 | こうか | hardening; vulcanization; vulcanisation; sclerosis | n4 |
| 消化器 | しょうかき | digestive organ | |
| 最大化 | さいだいか | maximization; maximisation | |
| 映画化 | えいがか | making (a book, etc.) into a film; adapting for the screen | |
| 文化庁 | ぶんかちょう | Agency for Cultural Affairs | |
| 炭水化物 | たんすいかぶつ | carbohydrate | |
| 一般化 | いっぱんか | generalization; generalisation; popularization; popularisation | |
| 孵化 | ふか | incubation; hatching | n2 |
| 簡略化 | かんりゃくか | simplification | |
| 化かす | ばかす | to bewitch; to confuse; to enchant; to delude | |
| 名詞化 | めいしか | nominalization | |
| 退化 | たいか | degeneration; retrogression; atrophy; regression (e.g. of society) | n1 |
| 帰化 | きか | naturalization; naturalisation | |
| 文明開化 | ぶんめいかいか | civilization and enlightenment; Japan's Westernization movement during the Meiji era (Westernisation) | |
| 激化 | げきか | intensification; aggravation | |
| 薄化粧 | うすげしょう | light makeup; light covering of snow; dusting of snow | |
| 権化 | ごんげ | incarnation (of Buddha or bodhisattva); avatar; embodiment (as in "embodiment of evil"); incarnation | |
| 化合物 | かごうぶつ | compound | |
| デジタル化 | デジタルか | digitization; digital transformation | |
| 標準化 | ひょうじゅんか | standardization; standardisation | |
| 都市化 | としか | urbanization; urbanisation | |
| 重要文化財 | じゅうようぶんかざい | important cultural property; important cultural asset | |
| 風化 | ふうか | weathering; fading (of memories); efflorescence | |
| 造化 | ぞうか | creation; nature; the Universe | n3 |
| 一体化 | いったいか | unification; integration | |
| 老化 | ろうか | ageing; aging; senile deterioration | n2 |
| 高齢化 | こうれいか | aging (of a population); ageing | n2 |
| 茶化す | ちゃかす | to poke fun at; to make fun of; to send up | |
| 厚化粧 | あつげしょう | thick makeup; heavy makeup | |
| 明確化 | めいかくか | clarification; definition | |
| 美化 | びか | beautification; cleaning up; tidiying; glorification | n1 |
| 化学的 | かがくてき | chemical | |
| 乳化剤 | にゅうかざい | emulsifier | |
| 近代化 | きんだいか | modernization; modernisation | |
| 実用化 | じつようか | making practical; making useful; implementing | |
| 書籍化 | しょせきか | novelizing; novelising; adapting a movie, game, etc. into a book | |
| アニメ化 | アニメか | making (a manga, video game, etc.) into an animated film or TV series; anime adaptation | |
| 若者文化 | わかものぶんか | youth culture | |
| 習慣化 | しゅうかんか | habituation; becoming a habit; making a habit (of) | |
| 晩婚化 | ばんこんか | increase in the average age of marriage | |
| 義務化 | ぎむか | making obligatory; making compulsory | |
| 簡素化 | かんそか | simplification | |
| 化粧水 | けしょうすい | skin lotion; face lotion | |
| 純化 | じゅんか | purification; refining; simplification | |
| 大化 | たいか | Taika era (645.6.19-650.2.15) | n1 |
| 電化 | でんか | electrification | |
| 乳化 | にゅうか | emulsification | n1 |
| 千変万化 | せんぺんばんか | innumerable changes; infinite variety | n1 |
| 言語化 | げんごか | verbalization; putting into words | |
| 地球温暖化 | ちきゅうおんだんか | global warming | |
| 妖怪変化 | ようかいへんげ | monstrous apparition; terrifying creature; incomprehensible horror | |
| 民営化 | みんえいか | privatization; privatisation | |
| 化する | かする | to change (into); to turn (into); to transform (into); to become | n2 |
| 伝統文化 | でんとうぶんか | traditional culture | |
| 体系化 | たいけいか | systematization; systematisation; organization; organisation | |
| 脱炭素化 | だつたんそか | decarbonization | |
| 社会化 | しゃかいか | socialization; socialisation | |
| 活発化 | かっぱつか | becoming active; increase in activity | |
| 時化 | しけ | stormy weather (at sea); poor catch of fish (due to stormy seas); poor turn-out; recession | |
| 少子化 | しょうしか | declining birth rate; decline in the number of children; sub-replacement fertility | n2 |
| 本格化 | ほんかくか | regularization; regularisation; getting up speed; proceeding at full tilt | |
| 明文化 | めいぶんか | stipulation; stating clearly; documenting in writing; stating explicitly | |
| 深化 | しんか | deepening | n1 |
| 化けの皮 | ばけのかわ | mask (concealing one's true character); disguise; sheep's clothing | |
| 化合 | かごう | chemical combination | |
| 消化管 | しょうかかん | alimentary canal | |
| 高度化 | こうどか | increase in sophistication; enhancement of functionality; increase in speed; upgrading | |
| 結晶化 | けっしょうか | crystallization | |
| 具体化 | ぐたいか | embodiment; materialization; actualization; realization | |
| 差別化 | さべつか | differentiation | |
| 深刻化 | しんこくか | becoming more serious or severe; aggravation; intensification | |
| 生化学 | せいかがく | biochemistry | |
| 固定化 | こていか | fixation; rigidification; entrenchment; becoming permanent | |
| 文化圏 | ぶんかけん | cultural sphere | |
| 文化史 | ぶんかし | cultural history | |
| 化膿 | かのう | suppuration; festering; purulence; pyosis | n4 |
| 文化遺産 | ぶんかいさん | cultural heritage | |
| 電子化 | でんしか | electronization; digitization; computerization | |
| 軟化 | なんか | softening; softening (of attitude); mollification; weakening (of the market) | n3 |
| 音変化 | おんへんか | sound change | |
| 音變化 | おんへんか | sound change | |
| 文化祭 | ぶんかさい | school festival; cultural festival; annual open day school event showcasing student talent | n2 |
| 符号化 | ふごうか | encoding; coding | |
| 文字化け | もじばけ | corruption (of text, e.g. in email, due to improper encoding); garbling; illegal character; corrupted text | |
| 重症化 | じゅうしょうか | aggravation (of an illness); exacerbation; worsening | |
| 正当化 | せいとうか | justification; rationalization | |
| 水酸化 | すいさんか | hydration | |
| 文化的背景 | ぶんかてきはいけい | cultural background | |
| 数値化 | すうちか | quantification; expressing in numerical form; conversion to numerical form | |
| 特化型 | とっかがた | specialized; specialised; boutique | |
| 構造化 | こうぞうか | structuralization | |
| 理化学 | りかがく | physics and chemistry | |
| 細分化 | さいぶんか | subdivision; segmentation; fractionalization; fragmentation | |
| 理化学研究所 | りかがくけんきゅうじょ | Institute of Physical and Chemical Research | |
| 合理化 | ごうりか | rationalization; making (something) conform to reason; justification; rationalization (of a company, industry, etc.) | n1 |
| 収益化 | しゅうえきか | monetization; monetizing | |
| 道化者 | どうけもの | buffoon; jester | |
| 化学物質 | かがくぶっしつ | chemical substance; chemical | |
| 文化人 | ぶんかじん | person of culture; cultured person | |
| 商品化 | しょうひんか | commercialization; commodification; turning (something) into a product | |
| 安定化 | あんていか | stabilization; stabilisation | |
| 正常化 | せいじょうか | normalization; normalisation | |
| 複雑化 | ふくざつか | complication | |
| 長期化 | ちょうきか | lengthening | |
| 欧化 | おうか | Europeanization; Europeanisation; Westernization; Westernisation | n1 |
| 道化師 | どうけし | clown | |
| 高速化 | こうそくか | increase in speed; acceleration | |
| 緑化 | りょっか | greening (i.e. planting to increase greenery); tree planting; afforestation | |
| 機械化 | きかいか | mechanization; mechanisation | |
| 産業化 | さんぎょうか | industrialization; industrialisation | |
| 常態化 | じょうたいか | normalization (of a social problem, of a situation, etc.) | |
| 固化 | こか | solidification | |
| 醇化 | じゅんか | refinement; purification; gentle persuasion; winning over | |
| 家畜化 | かちくか | domestication | |
| 化生 | かせい | growth; metamorphosis | |
| 硫化 | りゅうか | sulfuration; sulphuration | |
| 二酸化 | にさんか | dioxide | |
| 変化球 | へんかきゅう | breaking ball (pitch); curve ball; screwball | |
| 異文化 | いぶんか | different culture; foreign culture | |
| 老朽化 | ろうきゅうか | deterioration; becoming decrepit; becoming worn out | |
| 俗化 | ぞっか | vulgarization; vulgarisation; secularization; secularisation | |
| 化学反応 | かがくはんのう | chemical reaction; generation of an unexpected result from combining things | |
| 化繊 | かせん | synthetic fiber; synthetic fibre; chemical fiber; chemical fibre | n3 |
| 不消化 | ふしょうか | indigestion | |
| 小型化 | こがたか | miniaturization; miniaturisation; downsizing | |
| 民主化 | みんしゅか | democratization; democratisation | |
| 組織化 | そしきか | organization; organisation; systematization; systematisation | |
| 一元化 | いちげんか | unification; centralization; centralisation | |
| 顕在化 | けんざいか | being actualized; becoming apparent; becoming tangible; surfacing | |
| 制度化 | せいどか | institutionalization (of a practice); systematization; systematic implementation | |
| 無形文化遺産 | むけいぶんかいさん | intangible cultural heritage | |
| 無効化 | むこうか | disabling; invalidation; nullification; override | |
| ドラマ化 | ドラマか | turning (a comic, novel, etc.) into a serialized TV-show; dramatization | |
| 塩化ナトリウム | えんかナトリウム | sodium chloride; salt | |
| 化成 | かせい | change; transformation | |
| 赤化 | せっか | Sovietize; Sovietise; turning red; become communistic | |
| 具現化 | ぐげんか | embodiment; realization; materialization | |
| 未婚化 | みこんか | tendency to not get married; declining marriage rate | |
| 実写化 | じっしゃか | live-action adaptation (of a manga, animated film, etc.) | |
| 属人化 | ぞくじんか | individualization (of a task or job; as opposed to standardization); personalization | |
| 擬人化 | ぎじんか | personification; anthropomorphization | |
| 無償化 | むしょうか | making (something) free of charge; dispensing with fees | |
| 進化論 | しんかろん | evolutionary theory; theory of evolution | |
| 理論化学 | りろんかがく | theoretical chemistry | |
| 神化 | しんか | deification; apotheosis; wondrous change; great moral influence | n2 |
| イオン化 | イオンか | ionization; ionisation | |
| 消化不良 | しょうかふりょう | indigestion; dyspepsia; inability to understand; lacking comprehension | |
| 見える化 | みえるか | visualization; rendering visible (e.g. a problem); digitization | |
| 円滑化 | えんかつか | facilitation; smoothing; streamlining | |
| 国有化 | こくゆうか | nationalization; nationalisation | |
| 表面化 | ひょうめんか | coming to a head; coming to the surface; becoming an issue; breaking | |
| 酸化物 | さんかぶつ | oxide | |
| 仮想化 | かそうか | virtualization; virtualisation | |
| 光化学 | こうかがく | photochemistry | |
| 動脈硬化 | どうみゃくこうか | arteriosclerosis; hardening of the arteries; loss of flexibility (in thinking, systems, etc.); inflexibility | |
| グローバル化 | グローバルか | globalization; globalisation | |
| 糖化 | とうか | conversion to sugar; saccharification | |
| 一酸化 | いっさんか | monoxide | |
| 国際化 | こくさいか | internationalization; internationalisation | |
| 少子高齢化 | しょうしこうれいか | declining birth rate and aging population | |
| 合法化 | ごうほうか | legalization; legalisation | |
| 大型化 | おおがたか | increasing in size; becoming bigger; enlargement | |
| 勧化 | かんげ | religious-fund soliciting; Buddhist preaching | |
| 液化 | えきか | liquefaction | |
| 炭化 | たんか | carbonization; carbonisation | |
| 事業化 | じぎょうか | industrialization; industrialisation; commercialization | |
| 化学者 | かがくしゃ | chemist | |
| 視覚化 | しかくか | visualization; visualisation | |
| 内製化 | ないせいか | insourcing | |
| 形骸化 | けいがいか | becoming a mere shell; becoming a dead letter; losing (one's) substance; being reduced to a formality | |
| 最小化 | さいしょうか | minimization; minimisation | |
| 無人化 | むじんか | full automation; becoming unmanned; making (something) unmanned | |
| 化学療法 | かがくりょうほう | chemotherapy | |
| 有形文化財 | ゆうけいぶんかざい | tangible cultural properties | |
| 単純化 | たんじゅんか | simplification | |
| 塩化物 | えんかぶつ | chloride | |
| 簡易化 | かんいか | simplification | |
| 自働化 | じどうか | automation | |
| 有機化学 | ゆうきかがく | organic chemistry | |
| 郵政民営化 | ゆうせいみんえいか | postal privatisation (privatisation of Japan Post) | |
| 遷化 | せんげ | death (of a high priest) | |
| 工業化 | こうぎょうか | industrialization; industrialisation; establishing a production system; putting into production | |
| 弱体化 | じゃくたいか | weakening | |
| 環境変化 | かんきょうへんか | environmental change | |
| 劇化 | げきか | dramatization; dramatisation | |
| 気化 | きか | vaporization; vaporisation; evaporation | |
| 沈静化 | ちんせいか | calming down; quieting down | |
| 省力化 | しょうりょくか | labor saving; labour saving | |
| 自由化 | じゆうか | liberalization; liberalisation; freeing | |
| 羽化 | うか | emergence (of insects); eclosion; growing wings | |
| 一本化 | いっぽんか | unification; centralization; integration; drawing things together | |
| 大衆化 | たいしゅうか | popularization; popularisation | |
| 砂漠化 | さばくか | desertification | |
| 硬化症 | こうかしょう | sclerosis | |
| 野生化 | やせいか | going feral (of a species); reverting to wild; escape | |
| 電動化 | でんどうか | electrification (esp. in the auto industry) | |
| 経年劣化 | けいねんれっか | degradation over time; time-related deterioration | |
| 化学式 | かがくしき | chemical formula | |
| 国産化 | こくさんか | shift to domestic production; import substitution | |
| 低年齢化 | ていねんれいか | age lowering; reduction in age | |
| 硫化水銀 | りゅうかすいぎん | mercury sulfide (esp. mercuric sulfide, HgS, but also mercurous sulfide, Hg2S) (sulphide) | |
| システム化 | システムか | systematisation; systematization | |
| 徳化 | とっか | moral influence | n1 |
| アル化 | アルか | erhua (rhotacization of syllable finals in spoken Mandarin); erization | |
| 慢性化 | まんせいか | becoming chronic | |
| 製品化 | せいひんか | making into a product | |
| 規格化 | きかくか | standardization; standardisation; normalization (e.g. in maths) | |
| マニュアル化 | マニュアルか | standardization; manualization; compiling into a manual; formalization | |
| 順化 | じゅんか | acclimatization; naturalization; acclimation | |
| 動詞化 | どうしか | verbification; verbing | |
| 化粧箱 | けしょうばこ | fancy box; decorated box; vanity case; cosmetics case | |
| 感化院 | かんかいん | reformatory; reform school | |
| 非電化 | ひでんか | non-electrified; unelectrified | |
| 文化科学 | ぶんかかがく | cultural science (Rickert's "Kulturwissenschaft") | |
| 復号化 | ふくごうか | decryption; decipherment; decoding | |
| 法人化 | ほうじんか | incorporation; conversion to a corporation; privatization (of a previously public body) | |
| 法制化 | ほうせいか | legislating; legislation; passage (of a bill) into law | |
| 漫画化 | まんがか | caricaturing; turning a movie, novel, etc. into a manga; making a comic version of something | |
| 神格化 | しんかくか | deification | |
| 化石燃料 | かせきねんりょう | fossil fuel | |
| 文化人類学 | ぶんかじんるいがく | cultural anthropology | |
| 抽象化 | ちゅうしょうか | abstraction | n1 |
| 分社化 | ぶんしゃか | company split-up; spinning off of a separate company | |
| 恒久化 | こうきゅうか | making permanent | |
| 酸性化 | さんせいか | acidification | |
| 植民地化 | しょくみんちか | colonization; colonisation | |
| 炭化水素 | たんかすいそ | hydrocarbon | |
| 無機化学 | むきかがく | inorganic chemistry | |
| マンネリ化 | マンネリか | getting stuck in a rut; becoming stereotyped | |
| 王化 | おうか | imperial influence; assimilation of new territory | n1 |
| 硫化物 | りゅうかぶつ | sulfide; sulphide | |
| 化学工業 | かがくこうぎょう | chemical industry | |
| 文化協会 | ぶんかきょうかい | cultural association | |
| 比較文化 | ひかくぶんか | cross-cultural; comparative culture | |
| 生活文化 | せいかつぶんか | culture of everyday life | |
| 経年変化 | けいねんへんか | change over the years; aging; ageing; secular change | |
| ブランド化 | ブランドか | turning into a brand; branding | |
| 弘化 | こうか | Kōka era (1844.12.2-1848.2.28) | n4 |
| 多文化 | たぶんか | many cultures; multicultural | |
| 多角化 | たかくか | diversification | |
| 定番化 | ていばんか | becoming part of the standard inventory (of a product); becoming popular | |
| 進化系 | しんかけい | evolved form; developed form | |
| モデル化 | モデルか | modelling (e.g. a system, etc.) | |
| ランダム化 | ランダムか | randomization; randomisation | |
| データベース化 | データベースか | making (information) into a database; creating a database (from information); entering into a database | |
| 専門化 | せんもんか | specialization; specialisation | n3 |
| 化育 | かいく | creation of the world; evolution | |
| 情報化 | じょうほうか | computerization; computerisation | |
| 不安定化 | ふあんていか | destabilization; destabilisation | |
| 文化の違い | ぶんかのちがい | cultural differences | |
| 問題化 | もんだいか | problematization; making an issue of (something); becoming a problem; becoming an issue | |
| 日本化 | にほんか | Japanization; Japanisation; Japanification | |
| 時化る | しける | to be stormy or choppy (sea); to go through hard times; to be broke; to be gloomy | |
| 浄化槽 | じょうかそう | water-purification tank; septic tank | |
| 化学肥料 | かがくひりょう | chemical fertilizer; chemical fertiliser | |
| 状態変化 | じょうたいへんか | phase change; state change; transformation | |
| 異化 | いか | dissimilation; catabolism; dissimilation (phonology); defamiliarization (artistic technique) | n4 |
| 癌化 | がんか | becoming cancerous; canceration | |
| 馴化 | じゅんか | acclimatization; naturalization; acclimation | |
| 共通化 | きょうつうか | standardization; uniformalization | |
| 定式化 | ていしきか | formulation; formularization; formularisation | |
| 文書化 | ぶんしょか | documentation | |
| 未分化 | みぶんか | undifferentiated; unspecialized | |
| 西洋化 | せいようか | westernization; westernisation | |
| 転化糖 | てんかとう | invert sugar | |
| 化学繊維 | かがくせんい | synthetic fiber; synthetic fibre; chemical fiber; chemical fibre | |
| 化成肥料 | かせいひりょう | chemical fertilizer; chemical fertiliser | |
| 組織文化 | そしきぶんか | organizational culture; culture of an organization | |
| 電気化学 | でんきかがく | electrochemistry | |
| 文化的景観 | ぶんかてきけいかん | cultural landscape | |
| 過酸化水素 | かさんかすいそ | H2O2; hydrogen peroxide | |
| ゲル化 | ゲルか | gelatinization; gelatinisation; gelation; gelling | |
| 一覧化 | いちらんか | listing; turning into a list | |
| 図案化 | ずあんか | design; stylization | |
| 小説化 | しょうせつか | novelization; turning into a novel | |
| 軟化剤 | なんかざい | softener; softening agent | |
| 化学変化 | かがくへんか | chemical change | |
| 化学構造 | かがくこうぞう | chemical structure; chemical constitution | |
| 一酸化炭素 | いっさんかたんそ | carbon monoxide | |
| 膨化 | ぼうか | swelling; expansion; puffing; inflation | |
| 鈍化 | どんか | becoming dull; slowing down | |
| 単一化 | たんいつか | simplification; unification | |
| 女性化 | じょせいか | feminization; feminisation | |
| 形式化 | けいしきか | formalization; formalisation | |
| 断片化 | だんぺんか | fragmentation | |
| 旭化成 | あさひかせい | Asahi Kasei | |
| 舞台化 | ぶたいか | theatrical adaptation; stage adaptation; adapting for the theatre (theater) | |
| 証券化 | しょうけんか | securitization; securitisation | |
| 酸化剤 | さんかざい | oxidizing agent; oxidant; oxidizer | |
| グループ化 | グループか | grouping | |
| 化学的性質 | かがくてきせいしつ | chemical property | |
| 化現 | けげん | manifesting in a bodily form (of a god or Buddha); incarnation; avatar | n1 |
| 窒化 | ちっか | nitridization; nitriding; nitride (of) | |
| がん化 | がんか | becoming cancerous; canceration | |
| 右傾化 | うけいか | conservative swing; drift to the right; rightward trend | |
| 商業化 | しょうぎょうか | commercialization; commercialisation | |
| 孤立化 | こりつか | isolation | |
| 文化系 | ぶんかけい | cultural | |
| 肥大化 | ひだいか | swelling; enlargement | |
| 酸化鉄 | さんかてつ | iron oxide | |
| 雪化粧 | ゆきげしょう | coating of snow; blanket of snow | |
| 低価格化 | ていかかくか | price reduction | |
| 塩化亜鉛 | えんかあえん | zinc chloride | |
| 機能強化 | きのうきょうか | functional enhancement | |
| 石油化学 | せきゆかがく | petrochemistry | |
| 酸化水銀 | さんかすいぎん | mercurous oxide (Hg2O); mercuric oxide (HgO) | |
| 沃化 | ようか | iodization; iodisation | n5 |
| 白化 | はっか | bleaching; whitening; chlorosis; albinism | |
| 内面化 | ないめんか | internalization; internalisation | |
| 対象化 | たいしょうか | objectification | |
| 文化面 | ぶんかめん | cultural aspect | |
| 有料化 | ゆうりょうか | changing from free to paid (e.g. a service); starting to charge | |
| 現金化 | げんきんか | changing into cash; encashment; cashing | |
| データ化 | データか | digitization; digitalization | |
| 化学成分 | かがくせいぶん | chemical composition; chemical component | |
| 化粧廻し | けしょうまわし | ornamental apron | |
| 日本語化 | にほんごか | Japanese localization | |
| 酸化還元 | さんかかんげん | oxidation-reduction | |
| 電化製品 | でんかせいひん | electrical appliances | |
| 化学構造式 | かがくこうぞうしき | chemical structural formula | |
| 化学防護服 | かがくぼうごふく | chemical protective clothing; hazmat suit | |
| 有機化合物 | ゆうきかごうぶつ | organic compound | |
| 漢字文化圏 | かんじぶんかけん | Chinese-character cultural sphere; Sinosphere; countries where Chinese characters are used or were historically used | |
| オンライン化 | オンラインか | putting online (services, administrative functions, etc.); going online; digitalization; digitization | |
| 大東文化大学 | だいとうぶんかだいがく | Daito Bunka University | |
| 応化 | おうか | applied chemistry; adaptation | n1 |
| 弱化 | じゃっか | weakening | |
| ガス化 | ガスか | gasification; vaporization; vaporisation | |
| 化粧室 | けしょうしつ | toilet; lavatory; powder room | |
| 大化け | おおばけ | change; metamorphosis; transformation | |
| 実体化 | じったいか | substantiation; materialization; materialisation; (specific to object language classes) instantiation | |
| 欧米化 | おうべいか | Westernization | |
| 耐震化 | たいしんか | earthquake proofing | |
| 西欧化 | せいおうか | westernization; westernisation | |
| 過疎化 | かそか | depopulation; decrease in population | |
| 酸化銅 | さんかどう | copper oxide (i.e. cuprous oxide, cupric oxide) | |
| 鎮静化 | ちんせいか | calming down; quieting down | |
| 地球化学 | ちきゅうかがく | geochemistry | |
| 帰化植物 | きかしょくぶつ | naturalized plant; naturalised plant | |
| 文化交流 | ぶんかこうりゅう | cultural exchange | |
| 消化器官 | しょうかきかん | digestive organ | |
| 物理化学 | ぶつりかがく | physical chemistry | |
| 無形文化財 | むけいぶんかざい | intangible cultural asset | |
| 化膿性 | かのうせい | pyogenetic; pyogenic; suppurative; pustular | n3 |
| 空洞化 | くうどうか | making hollow; making meaningless; deindustrialization; deindustrialisation | n1 |
| 石化 | せきか | petrifaction; petrification; mineralization; mineralisation | |
| 個別化 | こべつか | individualization; individualisation | |
| 初期化 | しょきか | initialization (of a variable); initialisation; formatting (a disk); initialization | |
| 均一化 | きんいつか | homogenization; homogenisation | |
| 均質化 | きんしつか | homogenization; homogenisation | |
| 流動化 | りゅうどうか | fluidization | |
| 液状化 | えきじょうか | liquefaction; liquefy | |
| 省人化 | しょうじんか | manpower reduction; personnel saving | |
| 矮小化 | わいしょうか | reduction (in size); shrinking; minimization; trivializing (an issue) | |
| 石灰化 | せっかいか | calcification | |
| 進化形 | しんかけい | evolved form; developed form | |
| 量子化 | りょうしか | quantization; quantisation; quantizing | |
| 陳腐化 | ちんぷか | obsolescence; becoming obsolete (of a product, etc.) | |
| 階層化 | かいそうか | stratification; hierarchization; layering; tiering | |
| ゲーム化 | ゲームか | turning a movie, comic, etc. into a (computer) game; gamification | |
| ルール化 | ルールか | codification (into rules); moving to a rule system; regulation | |
| 化学薬品 | かがくやくひん | chemical; chemical agent; chemicals | |
| 暗号化鍵 | あんごうかかぎ | encryption key | |
| 酸化亜鉛 | さんかあえん | zinc oxide (ZnO) | |
| ハロゲン化 | ハロゲンか | halogenation | |
| パターン化 | パターンか | becoming formulaic; falling into a routine; routinization | |
| 社会問題化 | しゃかいもんだいか | becoming an issue of public concern; becoming a societal problem | |
| 高齢化社会 | こうれいかしゃかい | aging society; ageing society | |
| 一酸化二窒素 | いっさんかにちっそ | dinitrogen monoxide; nitrous oxide | |
| 高分子化合物 | こうぶんしかごうぶつ | high molecular compound; high polymer | |
| 化工 | かこう | chemical engineering | n1 |
| 差異化 | さいか | differentiation | |
| 文庫化 | ぶんこか | publish in paperback | |
| 無料化 | むりょうか | making (something) free of charge; dispensing with fees | |
| 理想化 | りそうか | idealization; idealisation | |
| 臭化物 | しゅうかぶつ | bromide | |
| 軍国化 | ぐんこくか | militarization (of a country); militarisation | |
| 分析化学 | ぶんせきかがく | analytical chemistry | |
| 大衆文化 | たいしゅうぶんか | mass culture; pop culture; popular culture; culture of the people (as opposed to the elite) | |
| 文化住宅 | ぶんかじゅうたく | semi-European-style house; type of Japanese house incorporating Western elements that was made popular in the 1920s and 1930s | |
| 業績悪化 | ぎょうせきあっか | downturn | |
| 水酸化物 | すいさんかぶつ | hydroxide | |
| 塩化ビニール | えんかビニール | vinyl chloride; chloroethylene | |
| 文化財保護法 | ぶんかざいほごほう | Act on Protection of Cultural Properties | |
| ヨウ化 | ようか | iodization; iodisation | n5 |
| 臭化 | しゅうか | bromination | |
| 匿名化 | とくめいか | anonymization (of data); anonymisation | |
| 商用化 | しょうようか | commercialization; commercialisation | |
| 地下化 | ちかか | burying; underground installation (cables, etc.) | |
| 堆肥化 | たいひか | composting | |
| 大変化 | だいへんか | major change; major transformation | |
| 左傾化 | さけいか | leftward shift; liberal trend | |
| 市街化 | しがいか | urbanization; urbanisation | |
| 平準化 | へいじゅんか | leveling; levelling; equalization; alleviation (e.g. of unemployment) | |
| 類型化 | るいけいか | classifying in patterns; typification | |
| 黒字化 | くろじか | moving into the black; becoming profitable | |
| 再資源化 | さいしげんか | recycling; resource recovery | |
| 大化改新 | たいかかいしん | Taika Reforms (645 CE) | |
| カラメル化 | カラメルか | caramelization; caramelisation | |
| 民主化運動 | みんしゅかうんどう | democratic movement; movement towards democracy | |
| 中国化 | ちゅうごくか | Sinicization; Sinification | |
| 二極化 | にきょくか | bipolarization; bipolarisation | |
| 健全化 | けんぜんか | restoration; return to health | |
| 先鋭化 | せんえいか | radicalization; radicalisation; becoming a radical; intensification | |
| 口蓋化 | こうがいか | palatalization | |
| 有効化 | ゆうこうか | enabling; activation; validation | |
| 木質化 | もくしつか | lignification | |
| 様式化 | ようしきか | stylization; conventionalization; standardization; formalization | |
| 正則化 | せいそくか | regularisation; regularization | |
| 泥沼化 | どろぬまか | bogging down; dragging on; turning into a quagmire; becoming mired in a mess | |
| 美化語 | びかご | elegant speech (esp. the use of the prefixes "o-" and "go-"); refined language; polite language | |
| 記号化 | きごうか | symbolization; coding; encoding | |
| 道化方 | どうけがた | dōkegata (kabuki jester) | |
| 郊外化 | こうがいか | suburbanization | |
| 酸素化 | さんそか | oxygenation | |
| 化学合成 | かがくごうせい | chemosynthesis | |
| 化粧下地 | けしょうしたじ | makeup base; liquid foundation; primer | |
| 合成化学 | ごうせいかがく | synthetic chemistry | |
| 変化記号 | へんかきごう | modulation symbol (flat, sharp, etc.) | |
| 文化施設 | ぶんかしせつ | cultural facilities (art galleries, tea rooms, etc.) | |
| 海洋化学 | かいようかがく | chemical oceanography; marine chemistry | |
| 海面変化 | かいめんへんか | sea level change; eustatic change | |
| 環境悪化 | かんきょうあっか | environmental degradation | |
| 連携強化 | れんけいきょうか | strengthening of a partnership (esp. between nations); reinforcing a collaborative relationship | |
| 化学反応式 | かがくはんのうしき | reaction formula | |
| 無機化合物 | むきかごうぶつ | inorganic compound | |
| 重化学工業 | じゅうかがくこうぎょう | heavy and chemical industries | |
| 化合物半導体 | かごうぶつはんどうたい | compound semiconductor | |
| 化性 | かせい | voltinism | |
| 汎化 | はんか | generalization (psychology, linguistics, etc.) | |
| 分散化 | ぶんさんか | decentralization | |
| 化学品 | かがくひん | chemicals | |
| 同一化 | どういつか | identification (with) | |
| 平均化 | へいきんか | averaging; levelling (off); equalization; standardization | |
| 文化部 | ぶんかぶ | culture club (e.g. at school) | |
| 正規化 | せいきか | normalization; normalisation; standardization; standardisation | |
| 現代化 | げんだいか | modernization; modernisation | |
| 現実化 | げんじつか | realization; realisation | |
| 酸化数 | さんかすう | oxidation number | |
| カラー化 | カラーか | colorization; colourization; adding colour (to) | |
| ガラス化 | ガラスか | vitrification | |
| 不活性化 | ふかっせいか | inactivation | |
| 化学兵器 | かがくへいき | chemical weapon | |
| 化学工場 | かがくこうじょう | chemical plant; chemical factory; chemical works | |
| 同化政策 | どうかせいさく | assimilation policy | |
| 大化前代 | たいかぜんだい | period in the sixth and seventh centuries prior to the Taika reform | |
| 工業化学 | こうぎょうかがく | industrial chemistry | |
| 消化酵素 | しょうかこうそ | digestive enzyme | |
| 硫化水素 | りゅうかすいそ | hydrogen sulphide; hydrogen sulfide; sulphuretted hydrogen; sulfuretted hydrogen | |
| 緯度変化 | いどへんか | latitude variation | |
| 語形変化 | ごけいへんか | inflection of words (e.g. declension of nouns and conjugation of verbs) | |
| トークン化 | トークンか | tokenize | |
| 低炭水化物 | ていたんすいかぶつ | low-carbohydrate; low-carb | |
| 動脈硬化症 | どうみゃくこうかしょう | arteriosclerosis; hardening of the arteries | |
| 多文化主義 | たぶんかしゅぎ | multiculturalism | |
| 文化審議会 | ぶんかしんぎかい | Council for Cultural Affairs | |